Contingency approach of management Essays

Contingency approach of management Essays Contingency approach of management Essay Contingency approach of management Essay Contingency approach of management puts more concern on the changing circumstance, internal and external, formal and informal, thus it provides the opportunities to have to comprehensive over-view on the situation, and helps the management to choose appropriate actions adapting to or affecting environment. The contingency approach advocates selecting a management response from among various alternatives, based on the characteristics of the specific situation. It holds that the key to becoming a successful manager is the ability to diagnose a situation correctly. According to the contingency approach, the nature of the organizations environment, its size, its technology, the character of its markets, its legal charter, its personnel, and other factors not only confront the organization with problems but simultaneously offer opportunities. Thus organizations should adapt to situations. The contingency approach holds that different kinds of structures, rewards systems, and change strategies are appropriate responses to different situations. Another advantage of using the contingency approach comes from the recognition that an organizations environment is constantly changing. Managers must recognize and adapt to the changes occurring both inside and outside the organization. O14 Contingency approach suggests adapting different structure and system of management to the situations, but just as it stated, no best suitable model, even the contingency approach itself. This approach over emphasised on viability, while without taking many attention on the costs of managerial activities and system stability: The continual shifting among different structure and system of management will be time consuming and costly. Since organization participators develop their vested benefits throughout the management stage, and they will also tend to protect it form being reduced or rejected by changing circumstance. When a project team work is being carried out, department manager may worry about his appointed departmental tasks, thus hesitate to promote staffs involvement. The managerial level then has to spend time on smoothing conflicts and integrating cooperation. One reason may bring about different situations. For instance, job dissatisfaction, work delay or bad performance can all be caused by only a wrong managerial decision. Concentrating on the improvement methods of those different situations may mislead the manager to take appropriate actions (like job reallocation or coercive commanding), while forgetting the root problems. Unfortunately, his management modification can also greatly impact the stability of original system. Stability, as my point of view, is one of the basic elements which ensure the system to work effectively. As stated by Vecchio, the contingency approach emphasis on it depends, however, this does not mean to be evasive, but assuming that there is numerous of important dependencies and acknowledges that the statement of managerial behaviour must also be complex O15. A good structure and system of management must be evaluated by both effectiveness and efficiency. On the base of its inherent stable formation, it should not only be adapted to a considerable wide range of variability (which can be forecasted by the companys experience or expectancy), but also has the capacity of adapting to certain appropriate structure and system of management.

Metaanalysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Metaanalysis - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that  Meta-analysis is the quantitative section of a systematic review. It is the end result of combining the statistical results of multiple studies in order to get a weighted average effect of the intervention under consideration. The studies that provide more information will give more weight, the larger the sample size the more weight it will provide. Usually, the average effect across trials is reported as an overall summary point estimate and an estimate of its precision as reflected in the width of the confidence interval.  As the essay highlights  a well-conducted systematic review and Meta-analysis can help us keep up-to-date. High-quality systematic review can define the boundaries of what is known and what is not known and helps us not to omit what has already been proven. Medical practitioners are therefore aided in determining solutions for specific clinical hurdles through analysis of inconsistencies among diverse pieces of research evidence. This is done by summarizing existing data, refining hypotheses, estimating sample size and providing a definition for future research agendas. Without them, researchers risk missing and therefore omitting promising leads in their quest for problem solution or they may incur redundancy through embarking on studies of questions that have been already answered.  Meta-analysis utilizes the quantitative combination of outcomes from several undertaken studies to create more precise, powerful and convincing conclusions.

Personal Learning Achievement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal Learning Achievement - Essay Example Moreover, I was engaged in team development activities through which I achieved trust and team loyalty. 1. Type of course activities helped me achieve those criteria Commitment, open-mindedness, dedication and readiness to learn are the main attributes that helped me meet the expectations of each activity. My greatest achievement was the realization that effective interpersonal communication is valuable when team members lend each other a listening ear while at the same time establishing conclusions on one another’s input. It is also precise that if a member tries to outshine others, effective interpersonal communication may not be achieved. Self-regulation is a key personal aspect that should prevail. Through group work, I was able to handle long and tough tasks that could not be solved by individuals (Duke & Appleton, 2000). 2. How I met the service, scholarship, or social change expectation through each activity as related to the framework's learning outcomes The service, s cholarship, or social change expectation outcomes were achieved through participation in service programs. Scholarship enables one to acquire knowledge and use it properly without disruptions. This allowed for easy interaction between research, theory and practice. I am able to communicate effectively and I can manage information technology tools for professional delivery of nursing services. Through the training, I have changed positively and I now understand better the patient needs and how I should handle them from a social perspective. 3. The insights I have about where I started, where I am now, and where I may go. How I would write my personal and professional goals now When I first went to practice, I had a negative attitude because I felt that the profession is too demanding especially in patient management. I thought the occupation created prolonged necessities and specialized training. There was the nagging thought of self-inefficiency, I felt like I did not have enough bo dy of knowledge to handle the numerous responsibilities and roles that I was supposed to perform. However, through this training, I have come to understand what a professional does. The skills that range from talking to listening are now clear to me. I have realized that nursing is an interactive profession, which involves interfaces with patients. Through (Kohl, 2000), I comprehended that confidentiality arises from a distinct relationship that is established between the patients and their caregivers. In this way, patients are free to seek medical attention, counseling, advice and treatment. However, I have realized that nurses have to tolerate aspects of hope, failure, fears and dreams that are presented by patients. The nurses take up this idiosyncratic dimension of professional life in meditative writing. I now know that nursing is one of the professions that need endless advancements. It calls for an all-time learning, which makes use of distinct understanding and skills. SUMMA RY OF THE LAST QUESTION 4. How my perception of the nursing profession was, my chosen specialty, and who I am as a nurse changed on this journey to become a master's-prepared nurse Initially I had an exceptionally different perception on nursing as a profession. I thought nursing as a profession does not require any drive or passion to pursue it. However, as I embarked on the course I realized that nursing requires more than the urge of pursuing it. In essence, nursing requires passion and

Social Media Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Social Media - Assignment Example k is convenient and easy to get started with on your own procedures since it involves active participation in your Facebook page and promoting marketing developments in the page that is visible to other people who use Facebook website. Today, the social network has over 400 million members. Therefore, in social media marketing, Facebook becomes incredibly beneficial in promoting products across the globe through the use of social media (Evans, 2010.p 15). The procedures of using Facebook include registering a business page and keeping personal photos and information in isolation. Additionally, filling out the aspects of business profile, especially email and website address (Tuten & Solomon, 2013). This makes it simpler for other people and customers to find a company off of Facebook and still transact business activities. Besides, in the Facebook page, one can advertise specials and offer coupon codes to fans. Facebook advertising is fairly priced and gives an opportunity to market audiences by age, location and gender. The keywords in their profiles and other items can be found in the Facebook page to market more audiences and products. In this paper, Facebook has been discussed as the major social media outlet with components of a legally astute Facebook marketing manager, methods of alternative dispute resolution, consumer transactions on Facebook, branches of government, agency relationship and finally, media providers and business that utilize social network site for advertising (Funk, 2013.p 19) Four components exists as a legally astute manager (1) setting value laden attitudes based on the importance of law to firm success (2) proactive tactic to ruling (3) ability to exercise informed judgment when managing legal aspects of business and finally (4) the context of specific knowledge of law and appropriate use of legal tools (The Role Of the Media, 2004). A good manager needs to set overloaded attitudes towards obedience of laws that govern the firm for

Should the IMF attach conditions to the credits its extends to Essay

Should the IMF attach conditions to the credits its extends to developing countries - Essay Example It is a strategy to ensure that the loans are paid back as well as ensuring that the loans will be used effectively (Breen 3). The position that I take regarding the question or discussion at hand is that I support the IMF in attaching conditions to the credits it extends to the developing countries. The fact that if such conditions are not implemented the countries that have been lend the funds may fail to pay them back make me completely support the IMF in adopting such policy reforms that are in IMF conditionality agreements. My argument is that if the IMF does not implement conditionally norms when lending the developing countries loan, they might fail to use the funds effectively and for the given purpose. However, if they happen to use the loan for the initial purposes, they might not implement the economic policies that affirm the loan funded programs. In some sense, without these policy reforms the developing countries may become an aid independently. It means that if the IMF disburses loan on easy financial terms they will definitely expect recipients to be dully differential coefficient to their interest and advice. Lack of IMF to attach conditions in the developing countries, while they lending them loans will cause these countries to be completely dependent of the aid offered to them (Independent Evaluation Office 9). This is because cheap loans that do not have conditions contribute to the addicts’ dependence of financial agencies such as IMF as the solvent for a little performance and i nadequate domestic resource mobilization. The increase in variability of capital flows in the world and especially among the developing countries necessitates the adjustment of the IMF reform programs. Therefore, the need for conditionality agreement when lending out loans in order to restore a balanced capital account, which give greater weight of the financial sector soundness and the allowed exchange rate policy. However, the

Abraham, the Greatest of Israel's Patriarchs Essay

Abraham, the Greatest of Israel's Patriarchs - Essay Example This has been the life that Abraham went through and has been considered for centuries, as the greatest among the patriarchs. Considered the â€Å"Father of faith† by the New Testament heroes, Abram, whose name was later changed to Abraham as a part of God’s covenant with him, did not just represent a life that received the promises of his God, but also, showed how he may have struggled to develop the faith that he is now known for. Abraham’s weaknesses as shown in the narration of his life in the book of Genesis are almost minimized by the completion of his faith as he obeyed God. However, what probably brought more fame and appreciation to this patriarch not only among the Jews but among other nations as well, is not just his moments of achievements but also his first steps when he was asked to leave his hometown and obey the God who has not been introduced to him in his place. Ur, the homeland of Terah, Abraham’s father (Genesis 11:31), is a place where polytheism is practiced and so it could be safely considered that Abraham was raised in such beliefs (Vos). However, when he heard the voice of God, without a doubt, he took his first step to the place God promised for him without even knowing where it is located or what lifestyle and economic status they might have there. The call of Abraham could be considered something great because with all the weaknesses Abraham showed afterwards, God still raised him to become the ancestor of Israel. He was not a perfect choice if one would look at the standards of a perfect God, yet, his weaknesses were overlooked and his strengths were rather magnified and nurture in the process. Faith and obedience were the basic ingredients Abraham possessed, and these qualities were needed for the task God had in store for the person He wanted to have a covenant with, and the great patriarch showed these through his obedience without question. However, the same faith that he had was still to be put to te st in the many circumstances he had to undergo within twenty-five years before he will finally get the point of God’s covenant with him. When he was seventy-five years old, Abraham was called from Haran to Canaan and although at that age, he and his wife, who was ten years younger, did not yet have a child; God promised Abraham to make him into a great nation and he believed Him (Genesis 12). It was only faith that would make an old man with a wife who was on the post-menopausal stage, believe God to make Abraham’s descendants numerous as the stars or countless as the sand. Abraham was the first among the patriarchs with whom God covenanted with and his descendants always referred to him whenever they claim the promises of God, reminding Him of his covenant with Abraham. For the creator of all things in heaven and on earth to make a covenant with His creation, there must be something great in the human being to have attracted the eyes of God and Abraham had such qualit ies. Although Abraham was not perfect in all his ways rather, he was a picture of great faith when God speaks to him about His covenant but, in times of trials, he showed little faith. For instance, during a time of famine that he and his wife had to go to Egypt for some time so that they will not perish because of all the hardships the famine brought, he feared for his life and asked for Sarah’s protection. He knew that his wife was very beautiful and that the Egyptians can kill him for her sake. He then asks his wife to tell the Egyptians that she is his sister so that he would be treated well instead. Sure enough, he was given many gifts because of Sarah, however, God inflicted serious diseases on Pharaoh and his household so they

HR Audit Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HR Audit Report - Essay Example 994), â€Å"Although traditional sources of competitive advantage such as the natural resources, technology, economies of scale and so forth create value, the resource based argument is that these resources are increasingly easy to imitate, especially in comparison to a complex social structure such as an employment system. Hence, human resource strategies may be an especially important source of sustained competitive advantage†. The mission of the organization is to â€Å"provide quality bakery products at competitive prices†. The quality consciousness in reflected in the policies of the management in the production, marketing and customer service. But on the other hand the management should also try to evolve new methods to evaluate the cost of various operations more stringent. The assurance of quality should not be increasing the cost and this will tend to push the prices up and high prices will not help the bakery to achieve its mission. The vision of the bakery is â€Å"To be a leading bakery in major cities of the country†. The vision of J Co is not clear and it is very ambiguous in its definition of the exact terms. This kind of vision statement will not help in aligning the organization to wards achievement of goals. Based on the mission and vision, the management of the company has formulated the objectives. The annual objective of J Co bakery is to increase the sales by 10% in the year 2008. To achieve the target growth first an analysis of the planning activities and organizing activities is necessary. The audit of the plans show that J Co has planning done extensively for increasing the sales. But it is lagging behind in its lack of planning in the area of projection of resources required to achieve the sales. The plans do not allocate budget effectively for each retail outlet but only a general allotment of money on a whole. Hence, the personnel in each outlet do not have a clear picture about the allotment of money to carryout their operations and